Early Myocardial Dysfunction After Chronic Use of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: Combined Pulsed-Wave Tissue Doppler Imaging and Ultrasonic Integrated Backscatter Cyclic Variations Analysis

The present study confirms that in AAS users, PWDTI and IBScv are effective and reliable noninvasive diagnostic tools for detecting early abnormalities of the systolic and diastolic longitudinal myocardial function, probably related to an increase in myocardial collagen content, interpretable as a repair process against the direct cellular injury produced by AAS.