Risk Factors for Recurrent Herniation After Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy

Obesity (body mass index ≥25) was the most robust risk factor responsible for recurrence after PELD. Older age (≥50 years old), learning curve of the surgeon (<200 cases), treatment period (March 2005 to September 2010), and central location of herniation were also closely associated with recurrent herniation after successful PELD.