Bioavailability-enhanced Resveramax™ modulates quorum sensing and inhibits biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

Quorum sensing (QS), a cell-to-cell communication mechanism present in many bacterial species plays a key role in regulating the virulence factor and biofilm formation in many pathogens, which causes severe public health risk. Therefore, interfering with QS mechanism offers an attractive strategy to combat bacterial infections. In the present study, anti-QS activity of a novel resveratrol formulation, Resveramax™, was detected using Chromobacterium violaceum biosensor bioassay and the effect of Resveramax on QS-regulated phenotypes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 was assessed by standard protocols. Molecular docking analysis of resveratrol, the major active constituent of Resveramax, with LasR receptor protein was performed to evidence the QS-inhibitory potential of Resveramax. Results showed that Resveramax specifically inhibited the QS-mediated violacein pigment production in C. violaceum; pyocyanin production, proteolytic activity, swarming motility and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa PAO1 in a concentration-dependent manner. Biofilms treated with Resveramax showed increased susceptibility to antibiotics when compared with the antibiotic treatment alone. Molecular docking analysis proved that resveratrol binds more rigidly with LasR receptor protein with docking score of −8.55 kJ/mol. These findings suggest that Resveramax could be used as novel QS-based antibacterial/anti-biofilm agent for the management of bacterial infections.