کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
5770271 1629412 2017 9 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Laboratory analysis of soil respiration using oxygen-sensitive microplates
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
تجزیه و تحلیل آزمایشگاهی تنفس خاک با استفاده از میکروپلاستیک های حساس اکسیژن
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه علوم زمین و سیارات فرآیندهای سطح زمین
چکیده انگلیسی


- Soil respiration was measured with new commercial oxygen-sensitive microplates (OSM).
- The use of soil or soil water extracts in wells returned similar respiration rates.
- Results of soil toxicity tests based on OSM are comparable to CO2 efflux assays.
- OSM technology is reliable for studies on respiration of aerobic organisms in soil.
- The OSM system is economical and less cumbersome than other methods currently in use.

Soil respiration is usually monitored by measuring CO2 efflux. Most techniques available for such kind of analyses are inconvenient and difficult to adapt to micro-method format. The present study evaluates a new microplate-based method for studying soil respiration in the laboratory. Second-generation oxygen-sensitive microplates (OSM - containing a fluorescent probe attached to the bottom of the well which provides time-resolved fluorescence data) were used to measure soil respiration either in microcosm assays or in soil water extracts. The latter procedure (water extracts) was the least cumbersome, hence it was selected for further experiments. Soil respiration curves generally showed no lag phase, starting with an exponential oxygen consumption phase, followed by a period where respiration became stable after 8-10 h of incubation at 25 °C. Once the procedure for measurement of oxygen consumption in soil was established, the acute toxic effect of diverse chemicals on soil was analysed with OSM. Streptomycin and penicillin failed to reduce soil respiration. Kanamycin plus neomycin, trimethoprim and 5-fluorocytosine exhibited limited inhibitory effects. In contrast, some chemicals (copper sulphate and amphotericin B) and fungicides (such as dodine and fosetyl) noticeably reduced fluorescence readings, showing concentrations to give half-maximal inhibition of respiration (ICR50) ranging from 0.0064 to 0.082 g/L. Finally, some insecticides and soil amendments assayed were either neutral or increased respiration.It is concluded that OSM are reliable, convenient, and yield quantitative results. Moreover, the system is relatively inexpensive and amenable to automation. However, results obtained using soil water extracts may be different from those derived from undisturbed soil aggregates, clods or slurries studied under field conditions.

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ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Geoderma - Volume 305, 1 November 2017, Pages 12-20
نویسندگان
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