MinireviewProstaglandin E receptors as inflammatory therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis

Prostaglandin E receptors (EPs) are the G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that respond to type E2 prostaglandin (PGE2). Data has shown that PGE2 may function as an endogenous anti-inflammatory mediator by suppressing the production of cytokines. However, other studies have demonstrated that PGE2, a pro-inflammatory mediator produced by various cell types within the wounded vascular wall, plays a crucial role in early atherosclerotic development. These contradictory results may be due to the versatility of EPs. Experimental data suggest an individual role for each PGE2 receptor, such as EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4, in atherosclerosis. In this review, the roles of EPs in atherosclerosis are summarized, and the value of EPs as new therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis is explored.