کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
5859799 1562616 2016 12 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Lemnitoxin, the major component of Micrurus lemniscatus coral snake venom, is a myotoxic and pro-inflammatory phospholipase A2
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم محیط زیست بهداشت، سم شناسی و جهش زایی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Lemnitoxin, the major component of Micrurus lemniscatus coral snake venom, is a myotoxic and pro-inflammatory phospholipase A2
چکیده انگلیسی


- Lemnitoxin is a myotoxic class I PLA2 from coral snake Micrurus lemniscatus venom.
- The toxin is antigenically related to various elapid PLA2s.
- Lemnitoxin induces both local and systemic myotoxicity.
- Lemnitoxin has selective cytotoxicity.
- It has proinflammatory activity inducing paw edema and mast cell degranulation.

The venom of Micrurus lemniscatus, a coral snake of wide geographical distribution in South America, was fractionated by reverse-phase HPLC and the fractions screened for phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity. The major component of the venom, a PLA2, here referred to as 'Lemnitoxin', was isolated and characterized biochemically and toxicologically. It induces myotoxicity upon intramuscular or intravenous injection into mice. The amino acid residues Arg15, Ala100, Asn108, and a hydrophobic residue at position 109, which are characteristic of myotoxic class I phospholipases A2, are present in Lemnitoxin. This PLA2 is antigenically related to M. nigrocinctus nigroxin, Notechis scutatus notexin, Pseudechis australis mulgotoxin, and Pseudonaja textilis textilotoxin, as demonstrated with monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. Lemnitoxin is highly selective in its targeting of cells, being cytotoxic for differentiated myotubes in vitro and muscle fibers in vivo, but not for undifferentiated myoblasts or endothelial cells. Lemnitoxin is not lethal after intravenous injection at doses up to 2 μg/g in mice, evidencing its lack of significant neurotoxicity. Lemnitoxin displays anticoagulant effect on human plasma and proinflammatory activity also, as it induces paw edema and mast cell degranulation. Thus, the results of this work demonstrate that Lemnitoxin is a potent myotoxic and proinflammatory class I PLA2.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Toxicology Letters - Volume 257, 22 August 2016, Pages 60-71
نویسندگان
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