Differential regulation of polysome mRNA levels in mouse Hepa-1C1C7 cells exposed to dioxin

► Whole cell and cytoplasm mRNA levels are poor predictors of polysome mRNA levels. ► mRNA levels are regulated independently in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and polysomes. ► A large proportion of polysome mRNAs exit the nucleus for immediate polysome entry. ► Polysome mRNA profiling generated new genes and pathways related to TCDD toxicity.