Effects of solvents on the stability and morphology of CTAB-stabilized silver nanoparticles

We report the effects of polar-protic and polar-aprotic solvents on absorption spectra and particle size of surfactant stabilized silver nanoparticles. Cysteine and cetylteimethylammonium bromide, CTAB were used as the reducing and stabilizing agents, respectively. The prepared orange color silver sols possess an unusually narrow Plasmon absorption shoulder at 450 nm. The absorbance and shape of this shoulder are affected by protic (methanol, ethanol) and aprotic (acetonitrile, DMF, DMSO and 1,4-dioxane) solvents. The observed results are interpreted in terms of the dielectric constant, boiling point, hydrogen bonding, solubilization and donation of electron density from the silver particles to the solvents. Absorbance increases with increasing the dielectric constants of reaction mixture. The particle size decreases with decreasing the hydrophobic character of protic solvents: particle size = 70, 58 and 39 nm in presence and absence of solvents (ethanol and methanol), respectively.

The surface resonance Plasmon absorbance of silver nanoparticles strongly depends on the hydrophobic character and dielectric constant of the medium.Figure optionsDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights
► Effect of solvents on the morphology of silver nanoparticle have been studied.
► Different factors are responsible to inhibit or accelerate the growth of the nanoparticles.
► Hydrophobic character of protic and aprotic solvents has strong influence on the stability of nanoparticles.