Review ArticleEvasion and interactions of the humoral innate immune response in pathogen invasion, autoimmune disease, and cancer

- Pathogens evade the immune response with multiple, frequently redundant proteins.
- Cancer may evade or utilize the innate response for growth and metastasis.
- A dysregulated humoral innate response may result in autoimmunity.
- Complement, coagulation and natural antibodies interact to prevent disease.

The humoral innate immune system is composed of three major branches, complement, coagulation, and natural antibodies. To persist in the host, pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and cancers must evade parts of the innate humoral immune system. Disruptions in the humoral innate immune system also play a role in the development of autoimmune diseases. This review will examine how Gram positive bacteria, viruses, cancer, and the autoimmune conditions systemic lupus erythematosus and anti-phospholipid syndrome, interact with these immune system components. Through examining evasion techniques it becomes clear that an interplay between these three systems exists. By exploring the interplay and the evasion/disruption of the humoral innate immune system, we can develop a better understanding of pathogenic infections, cancer, and autoimmune disease development.