Immunoproteasomes at the interface of innate and adaptive immune responses: two faces of one enzyme

► i-proteasomes are a proteasome-isoform with different active sites and higher degradation capacity. ► ROS production by alternative NADPH-Oxidases is innate to many cell types. ► IFNs trigger ROS production and the formation of oxidant damaged DRiPs. ► i-proteasomes are required for improved antigen presentation in infected cells and protect cytokine challenged cells from oxidative stress.