Noncanonical roles of the immune system in eliciting oncogene addiction

► Cancers are often oncogene addicted. ► Oncogene addiction is mediated by tumor intrinsic and immune-dependent mechanisms. ► Tumor intrinsic mechanisms include proliferative arrest, apoptosis, and differentiation. ► Immune-dependent programs include CD4+ T cells and cytokines. ► Combining immune and targeted therapy may be a more effective cancer therapy.