Breeding sites of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) and efficiency of extraction techniques for immature stages in terra-firme forest in Amazonas State, Brazil

► Immature stages of some phlebotomine species are more concentrated near tree bases. ► Direct examination was the most effective technique for immature survival. ► Breeding sites of phlebotomines are located distant from aggregation sites of adults. ► Immature stages of 11 phlebotomine species were found in rainforest in Amazonas, Brazil.