Immunogenicity of virus-like particles containing modified goose parvovirus VP2 protein

► Because of codon bias, the expression level of native VP2 is very low in Sf9 cells. To overcome the obstacles, we converted wild-type VP2 codons into codons that are more common in insect genes. ► Our results showed that this change greatly increased VP2 protein production in Sf9 cells and optVP2 yielded stable and high-quality VLPs. ► The results of animal experiment also indicate that these VLPs retained good immunogenicity and had strong immunogenicity in susceptible geese.