High-dose-rate intraoperative brachytherapy and radical surgical resection in the management of recurrent head-and-neck cancer

HDR-IORT combined with radical surgical resection is associated with durable IFPFS and long-term overall survival in select patients with acceptable treatment-related morbidity. IORT dose >15 Gy should be used to increase the likelihood of disease control. The ability to achieve in-field local control in this poor prognostic cohort was associated with improved survival outcomes.