Endovascular treatment for iliac vein compression syndrome with or without lower extremity deep vein thrombosis: A retrospective study on mid-term in-stent patency from a single center

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate mid-term patency of iliac vein following endovascular treatment for iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) with or without deep venous thrombosis (DVT).Materials and methodsThe authors' institutional review board approved the study. Two hundred and thirty-three consecutive patients with IVCS were treated with endovascular treatment and followed up. The therapeutic strategies and complications were recorded. Cumulative patency was assessed with Kaplan-Meier curves. Independent predictors of in-stent obstruction were calculated with the Cox regression model.ResultsEndovascular treatment was technically successful in 225 of the 233 patients (96.6%). All of 225 patients were treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stent placement. No severe procedure-related complications occurred. The cumulative 1-, 3- and 5-year primary patency rates over a median follow-up time of 34 months (range, 0.3-82 months) were 93.2%, 84.3% and 74.5%, respectively. Independent predictors for in-stent obstruction included use of multiple stents and irregular stocking wearing. The cumulative 1-, 3-, 5-year secondary patency rates were 100%, 93.3% and 92%, respectively.ConclusionsEndovascular treatment could achieve favorable mid-term patency in patients with IVCS with or without DVT.