Concentrations of cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in biosolid amended soil, influent, effluent, receiving water, and sediment of wastewater treatment plants in Canada

► Removal efficiencies of D4, D5, and D6 are above 90% in wastewater treatment plants in summer. ► D5 concentrations in effluent have an influence on those in receiving water. ► Potential risks of cVMS to aquatic, sediment-dwelling, and terrestrial organisms are low from the reported concentrations.