First report of Anisakis simplex (Nematoda, Anisakidae) in the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

► We report the first record of Anisakis simplex in Petromyzon marinus. ► Sea lamprey is a primary host in freshwater ecosystems from Galician rivers. ► Sea lamprey might have acquired larvae feeding from infected teleosts. ► We modify the life cycle of A. simplex including sea lamprey as a reservoir host. ► Human risk for allergic reactions should be evaluated on sea lamprey specialties.