Mycoflora and mycotoxins in field samples of Brazil nuts

► We studied mycoflora and mycotoxins production in Brazil nuts, soil and air samples. ► Despite toxigenic strains of A. flavus, no aflatoxins or CPA were found in samples. ► Increasing the contact time of pods with soil increased contamination with A. flavus. ► Soil was appointed as the main route of fungal contamination in Brazil nuts.