Jaboticaba (Plinia trunciflora (O. Berg) Kausel) fruit reduces oxidative stress in human fibroblasts cells (MRC-5)

Jaboticaba species (Plinia sp.) have attracted attention because of their significant levels of phenolic compounds, primarily anthocyanins and flavonols. Jaboticaba, termed the Brazilian berry, has emerged as a new functional food with potential health benefits. Plinia trunciflora (O. Berg) Kausel is one of the main species of jaboticaba that is naturally occurring and cultivated in Brazil. Thus, this study aimed to determine the macronutrient and phenolic compositions of P. trunciflora pulp and peel. Additionally, jaboticaba peel extract (JPE) was evaluated for its in vitro antioxidant activity and its capacity to modulate oxidative stress as well as mitochondrial function in human lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5). The macronutrient found to have the highest level in both the peel and pulp was carbohydrates, followed by the high fiber content of the peel. The total phenolic compounds and anthocyanin levels were higher in the peel than in the pulp. High resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) showed the presence of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and kaempferol. Moreover, JPE was able to reduce the decreases in complex I activity and the ATP levels induced by H2O2 and thereby decreased the oxidative stress in MRC-5 cells. These findings show a new role for jaboticaba as a mitochondrial protectant in pathological conditions where mitochondrial dysfunction is involved.