Enhanced butyric acid production in Clostridium tyrobutyricum by overexpression of rate-limiting enzymes in the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway

- C. tyrobutyricum was engineered to enhance the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway.
- Overexpression of pfkA and/or pykA could increase the NADH and ATP levels.
- The recombinant strains exhibited enhanced resistance to butyric acid and glucose.
- 48.2 g/L butyrate at a productivity of 0.50 g/L h and yield of 0.38 g/g was obtained.