Enhancement of energy efficiency for mechanical production of fine and ultra-fine particles in comminution

This paper presents the energy requirements for mechanical production of fine and ultra-fine particles in comminution. Recent approaches for effective size reduction and energy saving in comminution are described, viz., (a) development and application of new mills/classifiers, (b) adjustment of the bead characterization in stirred bead mills, (c) hybrid comminution systems with roller-press and media mill, (d) assisted methods, and (e) simulation.