Improving electrochemical activity of PtRu/SnO2/C catalyst by reduction treatment and alkaline etching

Reduction treatment and alkaline etching were employed to engineer the surface structure and composition of polyol-synthesized PtRuSnO2/C catalyst, showing improved activity for CO and methanol electro-oxidation due to the synergy effects of the surface-enriched PtRu and SnO2 beneath.204