Removal of mercury (II) from aqueous solution using papain immobilized on alginate bead: Optimization of immobilization condition and modeling of removal study

Papain having the characteristics of metal binding ability is immobilized on alginate bead. Design Expert Software (Version 7.1.6) uses Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for statistical designing of operating condition for immobilization of papain on alginate bead considering concentration of papain, concentration of sodium alginate, concentration of calcium chloride and pH as numeric factors and Specific Enzymatic Activity (SEA) of immobilized papain sample as response. Immobilization using 25.96 g/L papain, 20 g/L sodium alginate and 20 g/L calcium chloride at pH 7 gives the desired product as indicated by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). Three parameters viz., initial concentration of mercury (II), amount of AIP and pH are varied in a systematic manner. Maximum 98.88% removal of mercury (II) has been achieved within 8 min when simulated aqueous solution of mercury (II) with initial concentration of 10 mg/L has been contacted with 5 g of AIP at pH 9 and at 35 °C in a batch contactor. A mathematical model has been developed and the value of equilibrium constant for binding of mercury (II) with AIP has been found to be 126797.3.