Response interference under near-concurrent presentation of safety and non-safety information

The growing advent of Connected Vehicle Systems (CVS) is changing the information environment within the vehicle cab. As vehicles add the capability to receive data from the road infrastructure or share data with other vehicles, there is an expanding amount of safety and non-safety information from these systems with which the driver must contend. The information processing demands for the driver may become more complex, especially under conditions that present multiple information signals to the driver at the same time. To manage this complexity, the design of CVS will need to incorporate information management functions to prioritize information so as to be compatible with the processing capacity of the driver. The objective of this research was to examine the potential interference effect of non-safety critical information on driver responses to near concurrent, critical safety warnings. The study design was based on theory and evidence that there is a “bottle neck” in a human's central processing of information, such that the processing of early signals (S1) in the environment may delay the response to a later signal (S2) until such time as the response to the first stimulus has been initiated. The results of the study suggest that there is the possibility that near concurrent presentation of safety and non-safety critical information may generate interference effects, but the combination of signal parameters (modality, timing) that are most likely to create this interference may be infrequent in most real world conditions. Future research should focus on the specific parameters that increase the probability of such interference. Such research would then provide a better estimate of the potential frequency of this interference and also guide the formulation of design guidelines to minimize this potential.