Stratégie d'exploration immunologique de la maladie cœliaque

Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible persons. Celiac disease incidence is underestimated due to the existence of silent, paucisymptomatic and atypical forms. The pathogenesis consists in an interaction between genetic, immunologic and environmental factors which interact with HLA molecules to activate an immunologic response in the small bowel mucosa causing villous atrophy and resulting in malabsorption. The presence in patients serum of specific antibodies (antigliadin, antiendomysium, antitransglutaminase) allows the screening of celiac disease and particularly of asymptomatic forms and the monitoring of gluten free diet which prevents disease complications.