Parallel comparative studies on the toxic effects of unmodified CdTe quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, and carbon nanodots on live cells as well as green gram sprouts

A parallel comparative investigation with confocal fluorescence microscopy and direct visualization has been systematically made on the toxic effect of three common nanomaterials, such as unmodified CdTe quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, and carbon nanodots, on live cells as well as green gram sprouts, and the results reveal that the relative toxicity of the three nanomaterials in their native forms is bare CdTe QDsâªÂ¢Au NPs>C-dots.