On-line extractive separation in flow injection analysis based on polymer inclusion membranes: A study on membrane stability and approaches for improving membrane permeability

► A flow injection setup with polymer inclusion membrane based separation is studied. ► Increasing the temperature leads to higher sensitivity and sampling rate. ► Sonication produces a modest increase in sensitivity. ► Membrane liquid phase leaches into the adjacent aqueous phase(s). ► Membrane liquid phase leaching continues until a stable composition is reached.