Enhancement of redox- and phase-stability of thermoelectric CaMnO3−δ by substitution

Thermoelectric n-type CaMn0.98W0.02O3−δ-Transport properties and expansion coefficient of: Oxygen loss (green region) and upper stability limit of the orthorhombic phase (yellow region) strongly affect the transport properties. Both features also cause lattice expansion, which leads to cracking of thermoelectric all-oxide converters. We report how the upper limit for application can be shifted to even higher temperatures.