Chitosan/pectin polyelectrolyte complex as a pH indicator

A polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) matrix formed between chitosan and pectin was developed to entrap a bioactive compound (anthocyanin), obtaining an useful pH indicator device. Polysaccharides of opposite charges such as chitosan and pectin can have a very strong intermolecular interaction. The innovation lies in obtaining a new system based on natural and biodegradable compounds, which is simple to manufacture, to indicate variation in pH by visual changes in colour. This device has potential applications in food packaging. The PEC was studied using chitosan and pectin solutions at different pHs values (3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 5.5) and pectin/chitosan molar ratios (1.0 to 10/1.0 to 5.0). PEC films were homogeneous and showed the highest yield (60.0%) at pH 5.5. Diffusion tests indicated efficient bioactive compound entrapment in the PEC matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicate the compatibility between the polymers and bioactive compound.