Electrochromism in sputter-deposited W–Ti oxide films: Durability enhancement due to Ti

• Films of W oxide and W–Ti oxide were made by magnetron sputtering
• The addition of Ti improved the electrochemical cycling stability
• This stability is related to the preservation of an amorphous structure

Thin films of W–Ti oxide were prepared by reactive DC magnetron sputtering and were characterized by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The electrochromic properties were studied by cyclic voltammetry in an electrolyte of lithium perchlorate in propylene carbonate and by optical transmittance measurements. The addition of Ti significantly promoted the amorphous nature of the films and stabilized their electrochemical cycling performance and dynamic range for electrochromism.

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