Three-dimensional interaction of waves and porous coastal structures using OpenFOAM®. Part I: Formulation and validation

In this paper and its companion (Higuera et al., 2014--this issue), the latest advancements regarding Volume-averaged Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (VARANS) are developed in OpenFOAM® and applied. A new solver, called IHFOAM, is programmed to overcome the limitations and errors in the original OpenFOAM® code, having a rigorous implementation of the equations. Turbulence modelling is also addressed for k-ϵ and k-ω SST models within the porous media. The numerical model is validated for a wide range of cases including a dam break and wave interaction with porous structures both in two and three dimensions. In the second part of this paper the model is applied to simulate wave interaction with a real structure, using an innovative hybrid (2D-3D) methodology.