Rabies virus vaccines: Is there a need for a pan-lyssavirus vaccine?

► All lyssaviruses can cause fatal encephalitic disease. ► Rabies vaccines protect against phylogroup I lyssaviruses but not against phylogroup II viruses. ► Here we review lyssavirus vaccinology and focus on the antigenicity of the glycoprotein. ► The discovery of divergent lyssaviruses suggests a need for novel pan-lyssavirus vaccines.