Gaseous emissions of N2O and NO and NO3− leaching from urea applied with urease and nitrification inhibitors to a maize (Zea mays) crop

► Irrigation determines the effectiveness of NBPT to reduce N losses from urea. ► NBPT reduced N2O-N and NO-N losses only under nitrifying conditions. ► NBPT did not significantly increase yield grain of a two-year maize crop. ► NBPT did abate NO3−-N losses, mostly occurred within the fallow period.