Assessment of the expression of the BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, MDM2, BAX and CASP-3 genes in normal and tumor tissues for patients with breast cancer in Morocco

Nowadays, many genes are associated with Breast Cancer. In order to understand the cause behind this particular type of cancer, we chose to study crucial genes previously reported to be involved in its development and mechanisms. Therefore, we worked on BRCA1 and BRCA2 as the main predisposition genes related to 5 to 10% of familial cases and assessed TP53 since it's associated to > 50% types of cancer. Additionally, we measured MDM2, BAX and CASP3 giving their important role in the internal pathway of apoptosis. For a molecular characterization, we quantified BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, MDM2, BAX and CASP-3 mRNA using the qRT-PCR approach in large series of tumor and normal breast tissues of Moroccan patients. We found a significant correlation between the expression of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in normal and tumor tissue. The results showed a positive correlation in the expression of MDM2 between normal and tumor tissue. Furthermore, we detected an elevation of expression of CASP-3 and BAX in tumor and normal in breast tissue. These data can be critical in understanding Breast Cancer and possibly leading to a therapeutic pathway for patients worldwide in general and Moroccans in particular.