Colonization of oropharynx and lower respiratory tract in critical patients: Risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia

Bacterial species may migrate rapidly from mouth and upper airways during orotracheal intubation which contributes to the pathogenesis of VAP. There were associations between VAP and Enterococcus faecalis, Fusobacterium periodonticum, Gemella morbillorum, Neisseria mucosa, Propionibacterium acnes, Prevotella melaninogenica, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sanguinis, Treponema denticola, Treponema socransckii, and Veillonella parvula.