Genotyping and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Helicobacter pylori in human and dogs associated with A2142G and A2143G point mutations in clarithromycin resistance

occurrence of elevated rates of A2142G and A2143G point mutations in clarithromycin resistant H. pylori isolates from human and dogs causing failure in treatment and eradication of the pathogen. The roles of animals need attention and further investigations.