Treatment of oral refractory large area mucosal leukoplakia with CO2 laser combined with photodynamic therapy: Case report

- Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be used as a non-invasive treatment for Leukoplakia, but poor efficacy for large and keratinized lesions.
- A case of refractory large area mucosal leukoplakia was treated with repeated PDT without significant improvement.
- The case was treated successfully with carbon dioxide laser combined with PDT, providing a good option for the dermatologist.