Upper tract urothelial carcinoma following intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer: Results from a multi-institutional retrospective study

The frequency of UTUC in patients with NMIBC after BCG therapy is not negligible. Two independent predicting factors (intravesical recurrence and nonpapillary nonpedunculated at TURBT before BCG) were identified for UTUC. These results might be useful to predict UTUC after BCG therapy for NMIBC.