کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
8841231 1614708 2018 42 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Circuit Changes in Motor Cortex During Motor Skill Learning
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
تغییرات مدار در قوس موتور در هنگام یادگیری مهارت های حرکتی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی علوم اعصاب (عمومی)
چکیده انگلیسی
Motor cortex is important for motor skill learning, particularly the dexterous skills necessary for our favorite sports and careers. We are especially interested in understanding how plasticity in motor cortex contributes to skill learning. Although human studies have been helpful in understanding the importance of motor cortex in learning skilled tasks, animal models are necessary for achieving a detailed understanding of the circuitry underlying these behaviors and the changes that occur during training. We review data from these models to try to identify sites of plasticity in motor cortex, focusing on rodents as a model system. Rodent neocortex contains well-differentiated motor and sensory regions, as well as neurons expressing similar genetic markers to many of the same circuit components in human cortex. Furthermore, rodents have circuit mapping tools for labeling, targeting, and manipulating these cell types as circuit nodes. Crucially, the projection from rodent primary somatosensory cortex to primary motor cortex is a well-studied corticocortical projection and a model of sensorimotor integration. We first summarize some of the descending pathways involved in making dexterous movements, including reaching. We then describe local and long-range circuitry in mouse motor cortex, summarizing structural and functional changes associated with motor skill acquisition. We then address which specific connections might be responsible for plasticity. For insight into the range of plasticity mechanisms employed by cortex, we review plasticity in sensory systems. The similarities and differences between motor cortex plasticity and critical periods of plasticity in sensory systems are discussed.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Neuroscience - Volume 368, 1 January 2018, Pages 283-297
نویسندگان
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