Data-adaptive harmonic analysis and modeling of solar wind-magnetosphere coupling

The solar wind-magnetosphere coupling is studied by new data-adaptive harmonic decomposition (DAHD) approach for the spectral analysis and inverse modeling of multivariate time observations of complex nonlinear dynamical systems. DAHD identifies frequency-based modes of interactions in the combined dataset of Auroral Electrojet (AE) index and solar wind forcing. The time evolution of these modes can be very efficiently simulated by using systems of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) that are stacked per frequency and formed by coupled Stuart-Landau oscillators. These systems of SDEs capture the modes' frequencies as well as their amplitude modulations, and yield, in turn, an accurate modeling of the AE index' statistical properties.