Three-Dimensional Echocardiographic Guidance of Right Heart Catheterization Decreases Radiation Exposure in Atrial Septal Defect Closures

Three-dimensional TEE guidance in RHC is feasible without the use of fluoroscopy and reduces radiation exposure in percutaneous ASD closures. Three-dimensional TEE guidance may be used in other interventional procedures in the future to further reduce radiation exposure and facilitate catheter interventions.