کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
897890 | 915204 | 2011 | 12 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Effects of listening to music, and of using a handheld and handsfree telephone on cycling behaviour Effects of listening to music, and of using a handheld and handsfree telephone on cycling behaviour](/preview/png/897890.png)
The effects of listening to music on cycling behaviour were evaluated. Twenty-five participants completed a track on a bicycle while listening to music with two standard earbuds, with one earbud, and with two in-earbuds. Conditions with high tempo music and loud volume were also included in the experiment, as were two mobile phone conditions, one in which participants operated the phone hand held and one handsfree condition.Cycle speed was not affected by listening to music, but was reduced in the telephone conditions. In general the response to auditory signals worsened when participants listened to music, in particular when listening with in-earbuds loud auditory stop signals were missed in 68% of the cases. However, when listening with only one standard earbud performance was not affected. In the conditions when participants listened to high volume and to high tempo music, the auditory stop signal was also heard in significantly fewer cases. Completing a task on the mobile phone, using both handheld and handsfree sets, resulted in increased response time to an auditory stop signal and also reduced overall auditory perception. Furthermore, handsfree operation only had minor advantages opposed to hand held operation, with only response time to an auditory stop signal resulting in faster performance. This is likely to be related to the fact that both hands could be used for braking.It is concluded that listening to music worsens auditory perception, in particular if in-earbuds are used. Furthermore, both handheld and handsfree operation of mobile phones has a negative effect on perception, potentially forming a threat to cyclist traffic safety.
► Listening to music while cycling deteriorates auditory perception, a safety risk.
► Negative effects are very large when in-earbuds are used.
► Negative effects of high volume and fast tempo on auditory perception were found.
► No negative effects were found when listening to music using only one earbud.
► Only limited safety advantage of handsfree to handheld mobile phone use while cycling.
Journal: Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour - Volume 14, Issue 6, November 2011, Pages 626–637