کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
9451663 | 1307835 | 2005 | 8 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Accumulation of trinitrotoluene (TNT) in aquatic organisms: Part 2-Bioconcentration in aquatic invertebrates and potential for trophic transfer to channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
شیمی زیست محیطی
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چکیده انگلیسی
The potential of TNT to accumulate in aquatic organisms was assessed by determining bioconcentration factors for TNT and TNT biotransformation products using two benthic invertebrates (Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus), and by determining the bioaccumulation factor of TNT and TNT biotransformation products due to TNT exposure via feeding for channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). In all three species, TNT was rapidly biotransformed resulting in minimal accumulation. The bioconcentration factors for parent TNT ranged from 3 to 4 ml gâ1 for the invertebrates studied, while the TNT bioaccumulation factor for catfish via oral exposure of food pellets was 2.4 Ã 10â5 g gâ1 based on the concentration of TNT in the food pellet. As indicated by this small bioaccumulation factor, TNT accumulation in channel catfish through trophic transfer would be negligible compared to aqueous exposure (previously reported BCF of 0.79 ml gâ1). TNT extractable biotransformation products accumulated to a greater degree than parent TNT for all three species. In addition, a large fraction of the radioactivity within all three species resisted solvent extraction. The highest bioconcentration factors occurred in L. variegatus with extractable radioactivity measuring 76 ml gâ1 and total radioactivity measuring 216 ml gâ1. Because the bioaccumulation of TNT is very low compared to the bioaccumulation of its biotransformation products, further research including identifying and determining the relative toxicities of these biotransformation products is necessary to fully evaluate the environmental risk posed by exposure to TNT.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Chemosphere - Volume 58, Issue 9, March 2005, Pages 1161-1168
Journal: Chemosphere - Volume 58, Issue 9, March 2005, Pages 1161-1168
نویسندگان
Jason B. Belden, David R. Ownby, Guilherme R. Lotufo, Michael J. Lydy,