Evolution of the indole alkaloid biosynthesis in the genus Hordeum: Distribution of gramine and DIBOA and isolation of the benzoxazinoid biosynthesis genes from Hordeum lechleri

Two indole alkaloids with defense related functions are synthesized in the genus Hordeum of the Triticeae, gramine (3(dimethyl-amino-methyl)-indole) and the benzoxazinoid 2,4-dihydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIBOA).