Basic Biology of Sleep
Keywords: Sleep; REM; NREM; Circadian rhythms;
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Waking and dreaming consciousness: Neurobiological and functional considerations
Keywords: AIM; activation, input-gating and modulation; REM; rapid eye movement; PGO; pontine-geniculate-occipital; LGB; lateral geniculate body; Sleep; Consciousness; Prediction; Free energy; Neuronal coding; Rapid eye movement sleep; Pontine-geniculate-occipital
Nocturnal Enuresis in Children: Prevalence, Correlates, and Relationship with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Keywords: BMI; Body mass index; HK-CSQ; Hong Kong Children Sleep Questionnaire; NE; Nocturnal enuresis; OAHI; Obstructive apnea hypopnea index; OSA; Obstructive sleep apnea; PSG; Polysomnography; REM; Rapid eye movement;
Intrathecal administration of antioxidants attenuates mechanical pain hypersensitivity induced by REM sleep deprivation in the rat
Keywords: PBN; phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone; REM; rapid eye movement; REMSD; rapid eye movement sleep deprivation; ROS; reactive oxygen species; t-BOOH; tert-butyl-hydroperoxide; TEMPOL; 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1 oxyl; Antioxidant; Oxidative stress; P
Hypocretin-1 (orexin A) prevents the effects of hypoxia/hypercapnia and enhances the GABAergic pathway from the lateral paragigantocellular nucleus to cardiac vagal neurons in the nucleus ambiguus
Keywords: hypocretin; rapid eye movement sleep; rostral ventral medulla; parasympathetic preganglionic neurons; bradycardia; LPGi; lateral paragigantocellular nucleus; NA; nucleus ambiguus; REM; rapid eye movement sleep;
Research ReportImmunoneutralization of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) in the dorsal raphe nucleus: Effects on sleep and wakefulness
Keywords: DR; dorsal raphe nucleus; EEG; electroencephalogram; EMG; electromyogram; LDT; laterodorsal tegmental nucleus; MCH; melanin-concentrating hormone; MCHR-1; MCH receptor type 1; MCHR-2; MCH receptor type 2; REM; rapid-eye movement; SWS; slow wave sleep; W;
Ischemic stroke selectively inhibits REM sleep of rats
Keywords: Stroke; Sleep; Animal models; Rat; EEG; REM; NREM; Ischemia; Physiological monitoring;
Clerodendron glandulosum.Coleb extract prevents in vitro human LDL oxidation and oxidized LDL induced apoptosis in human monocyte derived macrophages
Keywords: LDL; low density lipoprotein; Ox-LDL; oxidized LDL; HMDMs; human monocyte derived macrophages; PBS; phosphate buffer saline; MDA; malonaldehyde; LHP; lipid hydroperoxide; CD; conjugated diene; PC; protein carbonyl; ApoB; apolipoprotein B100; nLDL; native
Aging-related alterations in orexin/hypocretin modulation of septo-hippocampal amino acid neurotransmission
Keywords: aging; hippocampus; hypocretin; microdialysis; orexin; medial septum; aCSF; artificial cerebrospinal fluid; ANOVA; analysis of variance; CA1; cornu ammonis 1; GAD67; glutamic acid decarboxylase 67; LTP; long-term potentiation; OxA; orexin A; Ox1R; orexin
A restricted parabrachial pontine region is active during non-rapid eye movement sleep
Keywords: parabrachial; PGO; REM; slow wave sleep; GABA; AW; alert wakefulness; ChAT; choline acetyltransferase; CLPB; caudolateral parabrachial region; DAB; diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride; EEG; electroencephalogram; EMG; electromyogram; EOG; electrooculogram;
Aspects of the narcolepsy-cataplexy syndrome in O/E3-null mutant mice
Keywords: CNS development; hypothalamus; sleep; transcription factors; ChAT; choline acetyltransferase; CSF; cerebrospinal fluid; DREM; direct transition to REM; EEG; electroencephalogram; EMG; electromyogram; LH; lateral hypothalamus; MCH; melanin concentrating ho
Nitrergic ventro-medial medullary neurons activated during cholinergically induced active (rapid eye movement) sleep in the cat
Keywords: nitric oxide; premotor interneurons; reticular formation; Amb; nucleus ambiguous; AS; active sleep; BSA; bovine serum albumin; C-AS; carbachol induced active sleep; ChAT; choline acetyltransferase; CTb; cholera toxin subunit B; DAB; diaminobenzidine tetra
A Molecular Basis for Interactions Between Sleep and Memory
Keywords: cAMP; PKA; CREB; Learning; Memory; NREM; REM; Oscillation;
Progressive changes in cortical state before and after spontaneous arousals from sleep in elderly and middle-aged women
Keywords: cortical arousal; EEG; sleep; aging; sleep fragmentation; sample entropy; AR; arousals; ASDA; American Sleep Disorders Association; CAP; Cyclic Alternating Pattern; EEG; electroencephalograph; LC; locus coeruleus; NREM; Non-Rapid Eye Movement; PAT; transi
The RasGrf family of mammalian guanine nucleotide exchange factors
Keywords: GEFs; guanine nucleotide exchange factors; NMDA; N-methyl-d-aspartate; AMPA; α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid; CNS; Central Nervous System; DMD; differentially methylated domain; CTCF; CCCTC-binding protein; CDB; cyclin destruction b
Sleep-wakefulness in alcohol preferring and non-preferring rats following binge alcohol administration
Keywords: alcohol preferring P rats; wakefulness; NREM sleep; ethanol; REM sleep; ANOVA; analysis of variance; EEG; electroencephalogram; EMG; electromyogram; NP rats; alcohol non-preferring NP rats; NREM; non-rapid eye movement; P rats; alcohol preferring P rats;
Low-frequency stimulation of the hippocampus following fear extinction impairs both restoration of rapid eye movement sleep and retrieval of extinction memory
Keywords: auditory conditioned fear; extinction memory; REM sleep; hippocampal stimulation; fear return; rats; CS; conditioned stimulus; EEG; electroencephalogram; EMG; electromyogram; FC; fear conditioning; FC+LFS; fear conditioning and hippocampal low-frequency s
Brainstem pathology and non-motor symptoms in PD
Keywords: dX; dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus; EDS; excessive daytime sleepiness; GI; gastrointestinal system; GCN; gigantocellular reticular nucleus; IRt; intermediate reticular zone; LBs; Lewy bodies; LC; locus coeruleus; LNs; Lewy neurites; NST; nucleus of the
Disturbance of rapid eye movement sleep in senescence-accelerated mouse prone/8 mice is improved by retinoic acid receptor agonist Am80 (tamibarotene)
Keywords: sleep; aging; vitamin A; cholinergic system; transthyretin; ACh; acetylcholine; ANOVA; analysis of variance; ChAT; choline acetyltransferase; EDTA Na2; disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; EEG; electroencephalogram; EMG; electromyogram; GAPDH; glycer
Dopamine inhibits GABA transmission from the globus pallidus to the thalamic reticular nucleus via presynaptic D4 receptors
Keywords: basal ganglia; dopamine receptors; D4-agonists; Parkinson's disease; sleep disorders; thalamus; ABC; avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex; ACSF; artificial cerebrospinal fluid; CPu; caudate-putamen; DAB; 3,3â²-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride; EDS;
Electroencephalogram functional connectivity between rat hippocampus and cortex after pilocarpine treatment
Keywords: coherence; theta band; hippocampus; frontal cortex; phase lag index (phase synchronization); power spectrum; A/D; analogical/digital; ANOVA; analysis of variance; AP; anterior posterior; AW; active wake; DV; dorsal ventral; EEG; electroencephalogram; EMG;
Locus coeruleus neuronal activity during the sleep-waking cycle in mice
Keywords: locus coeruleus; single unit recording; arousal; sleep-waking switch; disfacilitation; AW; active waking; BFB; basal forebrain; ChAT; choline acetyltransferase; CV; coefficient of variation; D; drowsy state; DV; dorso-ventral; ECG; electrocardiogram; EEG;
Regeneration, Repair, and Developmental NeuroscienceResearch PaperDevelopmental changes in brain connectivity assessed using the sleep EEG
Keywords: sleep EEG; brain development; coherence; longitudinal; EMG; electromygram; NREM; non-REM; REM; rapid eye movement; TIB; time in bed;
Research ReportThe effects of early and late night partial sleep deprivation on automatic and selective attention: An ERP study
Keywords: AA; automatic attention; C; central; Dur; duration deviant; Fr; frontal; Frq; frequency deviant; MMN; mismatch negativity; Nd; negative difference; REM; rapid eye movement sleep; SA; selective attention; Std; standard; SWS; slow wave sleep; T; temporal; M
Distinct types of non-cholinergic pedunculopontine neurons are differentially modulated during global brain states
Keywords: pedunculopontine; cortical slow oscillations; cholinergic; basal ganglia; neocortex; local network; ChAT; choline acetyltransferase; CV; coefficient of variation; ECoG; electrocorticogram; PBS; phosphate buffered saline; PPN; pedunculopontine nucleus; RAS
Reductions in paradoxical sleep time in adult rats treated neonatally with low dose domoic acid
Keywords: Radio telemetry; Electroencephalogram; REM; Postnatal development; Excitatory amino acids; Kainate receptors
Ultrastructural analysis of the lamina cribrosa after radial optic neurotomy
Keywords: Central retinal vein occlusion; Radial optic neurotomy; REM; TEM;
Rapid eye movement (REM) in premature neonates and developmental outcome at 6 months
Keywords: REM; Sleep; Premature infants; Cognitive development; State
Sleep and hippocampus: Do we search for the right things?
Keywords: LTD, long-term depression; LTP, long-term potentiation; NREM, non rapid eye movement; PGO, ponto-geniculo-occipital; REM, rapid eye movement; SWA, slow wave activity; SWS, slow wave sleepHippocampus; Memory consolidation; Non-REM; REM; Sleep
State-dependent changes in high-frequency oscillations recorded in the rat nucleus accumbens
Keywords: sleep; accumbens; oscillations; anesthesia; ketamine; rat; EEG; electroencephalogram; EMG; electromyogram; HFO; high frequency oscillations; LFPs; local field potentials; NAc; nucleus accumbens; REM; rapid eye movement; SWS; slow-wave sleep;
Protective effects of leaf extract of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides on oxidation of low-density lipoprotein and accumulation of lipid in differentiated THP-1 cells
Keywords: Apo B; apolipoprotein B-100; LDL; low-density lipoprotein; REM; relative electrophoretic mobility; TBARS; thiobarbituric acid relative substances; TPA; 12-O-tetra-decanoylphorbol-13-acetate; ZLE; leaf extract of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides; Zanthoxylum ailan
Effect of acute gouty arthritis on sleep patterns: A preclinical study
Keywords: Articular pain; Sleep; Slow wave sleep; REM; Wakefulness; Rats;
The Influence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Gender on Genioglossus Activity During Rapid Eye Movement Sleep
Keywords: dilator muscle; gender; lung; sleep-disordered breathing; upper airways; ANOVA; analysis of variance; CPAP; continuous positive airway pressure; EMG; electromyogram; EOG; electrooculogram; FB; breathing frequency; GG; genioglossus; GGEMG; genioglossus ele
Feeding-elicited cataplexy in orexin knockout mice
Keywords: orexin; hypocretin; scheduled feeding; food anticipation; positive emotion; EEG; electroencephalogram; EMG; electromyogram; KO; knockout; LMA; locomotor activity; NREM; non-rapid eye movement; REM; rapid eye movement; WT; wild type;
Effects on sleep of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) microinjections into the dorsal raphe nucleus
Keywords: CNS; central nervous system; CSF; cerebrospinal fluid; DR; dorsal raphe nucleus; EEG; electroencephalogram; EMG; electromyogram; LDT; laterodorsal tegmental nuclei; MCH; melanin-concentrating hormone; MCHR-1; MCH receptor type 1; MCHR-2; MCH receptor type
Open-source logic-based automated sleep scoring software using electrophysiological recordings in rats
Keywords: REM; EEG; EMG; Waking; Auto-scorer; Power spectral density; Non-REM; Transition-to-REM; MATLAB; Agreement ratio
Neuroimaging and neurogenetics of epilepsy in humans
Keywords: epilepsy; genetics; neuroimaging; positron emission tomography; channelopathy; ADNFLE; autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy; CAE; childhood absence epilepsy; GEFS+; generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus; IGE; idiopathic generalized
State-dependent pattern of Fos protein expression in regionally-specific sites within the preoptic area of the cat
Keywords: AP; anterior-posterior; AW; alert wakefulness; EEG; electroencephalogram; EMG; electromyogram; EOG; electro-oculogram; H; height; L; lateral; MnPN; median preoptic nucleus; NPO; nucleus pontis oralis; NREM; non-REM sleep; PB; phosphate buffer; PBS; phos
The distribution of γ-hydroxybutyrate-induced Fos expression in rat brain: Comparison with baclofen
Keywords: c-Fos; gamma-hydroxybutyrate; GABAB; locomotor activity; reward; sleep; ANOVA; analysis of variance; AUC; area under the curve; GBL; γ-butyrolactone; GHB; γ-hydroxybutyrate; LHB; lateral habenula; MDMA; 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine; MFB; medial for
Double-Balloon Enteroscopy and Capsule Endoscopy Have Comparable Diagnostic Yield in Small-Bowel Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Keywords: CE; capsule endoscopy; CI; confidence interval; DBE; double-balloon enteroscopy; FEM; fixed-effect model; IYW; weighted incremental yield; OGIB; obscure gastrointestinal bleeding; REM; random-effect model; SB; small bowel;
Sleep and EEG features in genetic models of Down syndrome
Keywords: Sleep; Wake; EEG; REM; Ts65Dn; Ts1Cje; Theta; App; Down syndrome; Mice
Subchronic 17α-ethinyl estradiol differentially affects subtypes of sleep and wakefulness in ovariectomized rats
Keywords: Sleep; Rapid eye movement; REM; Estrogen; Rat; Ovariectomy; Estradiol;
Role of the dorsal paragigantocellular reticular nucleus in paradoxical (rapid eye movement) sleep generation: a combined electrophysiological and anatomical study in the rat
Keywords: unanesthetized head-restrained rat; electrophysiology; tract-tracing; locus coeruleus; rapid eye movements; monoamines; AS; asymmetry index; CTb; cholera toxin b subunit; DAB; 3,3â²-diaminobenzidine-4HCl; DPGi; dorsal paragigantocellular reticular nucleu
The RGK family of GTP-binding proteins: Regulators of voltage-dependent calcium channels and cytoskeleton remodeling
Keywords: Ras GTPase; Signal transduction; Rem; Rem2; Gem; Rad; Actin cytoskeleton; Calcium; Ion channel; GTP-binding; VDCC; CaV1.2
Platelet-stimulating effects of oxidized LDL are not attributable to toxic properties of the lipoproteins
Keywords: LDL; low density lipoproteins; HDL; high density lipoproteins; OxLDL; oxidized LDL; hyp-OxLDL; hypochlorite-oxidized LDL; Cu-OxLDL; copper-oxidized LDL; EDTA; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; f.c.; final concentration; PBS; phosphate-buffered sa
Buspirone induced acute and chronic changes of neural activation in the periaqueductal gray of rats
Keywords: periaqueductal gray; buspirone; anxiety; panic; defensive behavior; 5-HT1A; AB; acute buspirone; ANOVA; analysis of variance; AS; acute saline; CB; chronic buspirone; c-Fos-ir; c-Fos immunoreactive/c-Fos immunoreactivity; CS; chronic saline; DAB; 3,3â²-d
Inhibition of pontine noradrenergic A7 cells reduces hypoglossal nerve activity in rats
Keywords: locus coeruleus; norepinephrine; pons; sleep; upper airway; obstructive sleep apnea; AP; antero-posterior; B; bregma; DAB-HRP; diaminobenzidine-horseradish peroxidase; EEG; electroencephalogram; Fos+; Fos-immunopositive; NE; noradrenergic; REM; rapid ey
Blockade of GABA, type A, receptors in the rat pontine reticular formation induces rapid eye movement sleep that is dependent upon the cholinergic system
Keywords: muscarinic; gabazine; bicuculline; intracerebral injection; nucleus pontis oralis; sublaterodorsal nucleus; BMI; bicuculline methiodide; GABAA; GABA-type A; GBZ; gabazine; PnO; nucleus pontis oralis; REM; rapid eye movement; SLD; sublaterodorsal nucleus;
Administration of the protein synthesis inhibitor, anisomycin, has distinct sleep-promoting effects in lateral preoptic and perifornical hypothalamic sites in rats
Keywords: microdialysis; protein synthesis inhibitor; sleep/wake; site specificity; ACSF; artificial cerebrospinal fluid; ANI; anisomycin; AW; active waking; Cyc; cycloheximide; DMSO; dimethyl sulfoxide; GH; growth hormone; GHRH; growth hormone releasing hormone; H
The role of active zone protein Rab3 interacting molecule 1 alpha in the regulation of norepinephrine release, response to novelty, and sleep
Keywords: amygdala; open field; REM; synaptic plasticity; Rim1αKO; ANOVA; analysis of variance; EDTA; ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; EGTA; ethylene-glycol-bis(oxyethylenenitrilo)-tetraacetic acid; Hepes; 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid; KBH; K