Conversion of waste produced by the deodorization of palm oil as feedstock for the production of biodiesel using a catalyst prepared from waste material

► The distillate produced by the deodorization of palm oil (DDPO) is a waste. ► DDPO is 83% free fatty acids (FFA). ► The Amazon flint kaolin was used for the esterification of DDPO with methanol. ► Leached metakaolin offered 92.8% of maximum esterification activity. ► Esterification of DDPO can be a cheaper alternative for production of biodiesel.