An ancient continuous human presence in the Balkans and the beginnings of human settlement in western Eurasia: A Lower Pleistocene example of the Lower Palaeolithic levels in Kozarnika cave (North-western Bulgaria)

The lower levels of the archaeological sequence of Kozarnika cave (north-western Bulgaria) provide levels with non-Acheulian core-and-flake (as opposed to pebble-core) industries. Associations with numerous taxa of large mammals indicate that the date of the lower layers of the cave falls between MNQ17 and MNQ19. These layers produced several bones showing anthropic traces. Its date and geographical position place Kozarnika cave as a landmark site in the primary phase of the settlement of Europe.