Mesenchymal stem cell treatment after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury improves behavioral outcome and induces neuronal and oligodendrocyte regeneration

Our data show that MSC treatment after neonatal HI brain damage improved functional outcome, reduced lesion volume, increased differentiation of recently divided cells towards neurons and oligodendrocytes and decreased proliferating inflammatory cells. We propose that MSC transplantation is a powerful treatment to improve behavioral outcome and cerebral lesion volume after neonatal brain damage via stimulation of endogenous repair processes.