Secondary sulfate mineralization and basaltic chemistry of craters of the Moon National Monument, Idaho: Potential martian analog

► Basalts at Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve (COM) are an analog for similarly high-iron basalts on Mars. ► Sulfate minerals form in caves at COM. Caves could protect organic matter or life from harmful radiation on Mars. ► Geochemical models suggest minerals form as a consequence of leaching, evaporation, and phase transitions. ► Three techniques identified the minerals, including LD-FTICRMS, which also identified organic compounds.