Co-culture with endothelial progenitor cells promotes survival, migration, and differentiation of osteoclast precursors

► Co-culture of RAW 264.7 monocyte cells with endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). ► EPCs enhanced survival, migration, and differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells. ► VEGF, SDF-1, and TGF-β1 from EPCs are involved in the regulation of RAW 264.7 cells. ► Presence of EPCs increased expression of VEGFR-2, CXCR4, Smad2/3, Akt, and MAPKs.